Free Practice Questions for VMware 5V0-22.23 Exam

 To design a HCI Mesh solution with VMware vSAN and VMware vSphere High Availability (HA), two considerations that the architect should assess are: A minimum of three nodes are required within the client cluster for vSphere HA to work. This is because vSphere HA needs at least three nodes in a cluster to form a quorum and elect a master host that monitors the availability of other hosts and VMs. If there are less than three nodes in a cluster, vSphere HA cannot function properly and might fail to detect or respond to host or VM failures. If vSphere HA is to work with HCI Mesh, Datastore with All Paths Down (APD) must be configured to Power off and restart VMs. This is because APD is a condition that occurs when a storage device becomes inaccessible due to loss of physical connectivity, resulting in I/O errors or timeouts for VMs that use that device. When using HCI Mesh, APD can happen if the network connection between the client cluster and the server cluster is lost or disrupted, causing the remote datastore to become unavailable. To ensure that vSphere HA can restart the affected VMs on another host that has access to their storage, Datastore with APD must be set to Power off and restart VMs in the vSphere HA settings. The other options are not correct. A server vSAN cluster can serve its local datastore up to 15 client vSAN clusters, not five. This is the maximum number of client clusters that can mount a remote datastore from a server cluster using HCI Mesh. A client cluster can mount up to five remote datastores from one or more vSAN server clusters, not ten. This is the maximum number of remote datastores that can be mounted by a client cluster using HCI Mesh. References: VMware vSAN HCI Mesh; vSphere Availability; Handling All Paths Down (APD) Conditions

To protect a virtual machine against a disk or disk group failure, the storage policy must have a failure tolerance method (FTM) of RAID-1 or RAID-6 and a failure to tolerate (FTT) value of at least 1. RAID-1 mirrors the data across multiple disk groups, while RAID-6 uses erasure coding to stripe the data and parity information across multiple disk groups. RAID-5 is not suitable for this scenario, as it can only tolerate one disk failure per stripe. FTT 2 or 3 would require more disk groups than available in the cluster. Therefore, the correct options are C and E. References: 1, page 8; 2, section 3.1

When adding a host to a vSAN cluster, it is recommended to create uniformly-configured hosts and reference the VMware Compatibility Guide. These actions will ensure that the host meets the hardware and software requirements for vSAN, and that it can work seamlessly with the existing hosts in the cluster. Uniformly-configured hosts have the same number and type of disk groups, cache devices, capacity devices, network adapters, and drivers. The VMware Compatibility Guide provides a list of certified components and firmware versions that are compatible with vSAN. The other options are not recommended, as they can cause disruption or degradation of the vSAN cluster services. Disabling vSAN performance service, vSphere Cluster Services, or vSphere High Availability (HA) can affect the monitoring, availability, and load balancing of the cluster.

The correct answer is A, the disk group must be deleted on each physical host in the vSAN OSA cluster to use the NVMe device. This is because vSAN OSA uses a disk group configuration where one disk is designated as a cache disk and the rest are capacity disks. To replace the cache disk with a different type or size, the disk group must be deleted first, which will erase all data on the disks and trigger a resynchronization of the affected objects. The administrator should put the host in maintenance mode and choose the option to evacuate all data before deleting the disk group. After replacing the cache disk with the NVMe device, the administrator should recreate the disk group and exit maintenance mode. The other options are incorrect for the following reasons:

B, the disk group does not need to be removed before adding new cache, is incorrect because adding a new cache disk to an existing disk group is not supported in vSAN OSA. The cache disk can only be replaced by deleting and recreating the disk group.

C, the host must be removed from vSAN OSA cluster before changing cache devices, is incorrect because removing the host from the cluster is not necessary and will cause more disruption and data loss than putting the host in maintenance mode. Removing the host will also delete its disk groups and require re-adding them after rejoining the cluster.

D, the cache disk drives must have a larger capacity, is incorrect because there is no requirement for the cache disk to have a larger capacity than the existing one. The cache disk size should be determined by the workload characteristics and performance requirements, not by the expansion process. References:

VMware vSAN Specialist v2 Exam Preparation Guide, page 10

Utilizing Network I/O Control and isolating vSAN traffic in a VLAN are the two actions that should be taken to configure the new vSAN cluster to meet the requirements. Network I/O Control allows the vSAN administrator to create network resource poolsand assign bandwidth shares or reservations to different traffic types, such as vSAN, vMotion, or management. This ensures that vSAN traffic has guaranteed bandwidth during contention and can achieve better performance and availability. Isolating vSAN traffic in a VLAN enhances the security of the cluster by preventing unauthorized access or interference from other network segments. It also simplifies the network configuration and management by reducing the broadcast domain and avoiding IP address conflicts. Creating static routes between the vSAN hosts, using IOPS Limit rules in storage policies, and enabling jumbo frames are not necessary or recommended actions for this scenario. Static routes are not required for vSAN communication, as vSAN uses multicast or unicast depending on the version and configuration. IOPS Limit rules are used to limit the IOPS allocated to an object, which can degrade the performance and latency of the application. Jumbo frames can improve the network efficiency and throughput, but they are not mandatory for vSAN and require consistent configuration across all network devices. References:

Network I/O Control

vSAN Network Design Guide

 To perform maintenance on one of the hosts in a three-node vSAN cluster with the best availability for the VMs with the least effort and data transfer, the maintenance mode option that should be used is Ensure accessibility. This option migrates only enough components to ensure that all accessible VMs remain accessible, but does not guarantee full data redundancy or policy compliance. This option is also the only evacuation mode available for a three-node cluster or a cluster with three fault domains, as there are not enough hosts to perform full data migration or re-protection after a failure. The other options are not correct. Migrating all VMs and their storage from the host to a different storage system or a different vSphere cluster would require more effort and data transfer than using Ensure accessibility, as well as additional resources and configuration steps. Full data migration is not possible in a three-nodecluster, as it would require at least four hosts to evacuate all data from one host and maintain full redundancy and policy compliance. References: Place a Member of vSAN Cluster in Maintenance Mode; Working with Maintenance Mode

This is the sequence of steps recommended by VMware for manually restarting the vSAN cluster after a planned power outage. The steps are as follows:

Enable cluster member updates from vCenter Server only on one ESXi host. This will allow the host to receive the latest cluster membership information from vCenter Server and avoid any conflicts or inconsistencies with other hosts. The command to enable cluster member updates is esxcfg-advcfg -s 1 /VSAN/IgnoreClusterMemberListUpdates.

Run the python reboot helper script only on one ESXi host to recover the cluster. This will prepare the cluster for a manual restart by partitioning the cluster and ensuring that all hosts have consistent metadata. The command to run the python reboot helper script is python /usr/lib/vmware/vsan/bin/reboot_helper.py prepare.

Exit all hosts from maintenance mode. This will allow the hosts to resume normal operations and join the vSAN cluster. The command to exit maintenance mode is esxcli system maintenanceMode set -e false.

The other options are incorrect for the following reasons:

B, exit all hosts from maintenance mode, run the python reboot helper script only on one ESXi host to recover the cluster, and enable cluster member updates from vCenter Server on all ESXi hosts, is incorrect because exiting all hosts from maintenance mode before running the python reboot helper script can cause data inconsistency or corruption, as the hosts may not have the latest metadata or cluster membership information. Enabling cluster member updates from vCenter Server on all ESXi hosts is also unnecessary and can cause conflicts or inconsistencies with other hosts.

C, exit all hosts from maintenance mode, enable cluster member updates from vCenter Server only on one ESXi host, and run the python reboot helper script only on one ESXi host to recover the cluster, is incorrect because exiting all hosts from maintenance mode before running the python reboot helper script can cause data inconsistency or corruption, as the hosts may not have the latest metadata or cluster membership information.

D, enable cluster member updates from vCenter Server on all ESXi hosts, run the python reboot helper script on all ESXi hosts to recover the cluster, and exit all hosts from maintenance mode, is incorrect because enabling cluster member updates from vCenter Server on all ESXi hosts is unnecessary and can causeconflicts or inconsistencies with other hosts. Running the python reboot helper script on all ESXi hosts concurrently can also cause a race condition that can result in unexpected outcomes.

References:

Manually Shut Down and Restart the vSAN Cluster

Restart the vSAN Cluster

Adding one more disk group per host with the same configuration and adding an ESXi host with identical device configuration are the two methods that the vSAN administrator should use to meet the goal of increasing capacity and performance with the least amount of impact. Adding one more disk group per host will increase the raw storage capacity by 20% and also improve the performance by distributing the I/O load across more cache devices and disk groups. Adding an ESXi host with identical device configuration will increase the raw storage capacity by 25% and also improve the performance by adding more compute and network resources to the cluster. Both methods can be done without disrupting any ongoing operations or requiring any data evacuation or resynchronization.

The other options are incorrect for the following reasons:

Replacing all capacity devices with a similar larger device is incorrect because it will not increase the performance and will have a significant impact on the cluster. Replacing the capacity devices requires deleting the disk groups, which will erase all data on them and trigger a resynchronization of the affected objects. This can be disruptive and time-consuming, and also introduce additional network and disk traffic.

Replacing all cache devices with a larger device is incorrect because it will not increase the capacity and will have a significant impact on the cluster. Replacing the cache devices also requires deleting the disk groups, which will have the same drawbacks as replacing the capacity devices. Moreover, increasing the cache size may not improve the performance significantly, as vSAN OSA uses afixed cache ratio of 70% for write buffer and 30% for read cache, regardless of the cache device size.

Adding faster cache devices is incorrect because it will not increase the capacity and will have a significant impact on the cluster. Adding faster cache devices also requires deleting the disk groups, which will have the same drawbacks as replacing the cache devices. Furthermore, adding faster cache devices may not improve the performance significantly, as vSAN OSA uses a fixed cache ratio of 70% for write buffer and 30% for read cache, regardless of the cache device speed. References:

VMware vSAN Specialist v2 Exam Preparation Guide, page 10

Expanding a vSAN Cluster

To make sure that Skyline online health will work for vSAN, two requirements must be met: enable CEIP and join the program, and have a working Internet connection. CEIP stands for Customer Experience Improvement Program, which is a voluntary program that collects anonymous product usage data from customers who participate in it. By enabling CEIP and joining the program, customers can benefit from Skyline online health, which provides proactivenotifications and recommendations for software and hardware issues based on VMware Analytics Cloud. A working Internet connection is also required for Skyline online health to communicate with VMware Analytics Cloud and receive online notifications. The other options are not requirements for Skyline online health. References: About the vSAN Skyline Health; Skyline Health