Free Practice Questions for PMI PMI-SP Exam

Hard logic, also known as mandatory dependencies, describes activities that must be completed in a particular order. Hard logic is a binding connection between activities. It is also known as mandatory dependency or hard dependency. Hard logic requires activities to take place in a specific order according to the nature of work. It is a well-built connection where an activity cannot start until and unless a previous one is completed. There are also substantial hard logic connections where soft logic does not usually apply. Several activities rely on hard logic for the successful completion of the project.

Answer options B, A, and C are incorrect. These are not a valid description of hard logic.

Communication channels are paths of communication with stakeholders in a project. The number of communication channels shows the complexity of a project's communication and can be derived through the formula shown below: Total Number of Communication Channels = n (n-1)/2 where, n is the number of stakeholders. Hence, a project having five stakeholders will have ten communication channels. Putting the number of stakeholders in the formula we can get the required communication channel for the project. It is (78 x 77)/2 for 3,003 communication channels.

Answer options A, B, and D are incorrect. These numbers do not reflect the accurate number of communication channels in the project.

Fred should add lag time to each painting activity. Since lag time is waiting time, Fred will have to wait twenty-four hours after the priming is finished before he can start painting. What is a lag? A lag directs a delay in the successor activity. Lags require the dependent activity to have added either to the start date or to the finish date of the activity. For example, in a project of making radio-controlled airplanes, after applying glue and pasting stickers, it requires twenty-four hours to dry the glue. Any activity can be started after that only. This period, of twenty-four hours, is a lag.

Answer option C is incorrect. There is no reason to add an intermediary task as waiting. Adding lag time is the most appropriate as there are fewer activities to manage.

Answer option D is incorrect. Priming all of the room first and then painting all of the rooms would cause Fred to readjust the entire sequencing of activities. In addition, we do not know the reason why Fred has scheduled all the rooms to be primed and then painted. There may be successor activities in the project that need to enter each room, such as carpeting, as soon as a room has been painted. If that were the case the additional activities would have to wait for all of the priming to be completed and then the sequential rooms to be painted before they could start.

Answer option A is incorrect. Lead time actually moves activities closer together rather than farther apart. Lead time would cause the painting and priming activities to overlap, something that Fred does not want to happen. What is a lead? A lead allows an acceleration of the successor activity. It works just the opposite of lag. For example, in a software application project, before designing is fully completed for first phase, a program development group can start this phase programming. This overlapping of timing is a lead.

According to the question, the cost variance of the project is 30, which is a positive figure. A positive value means that cost is less than planned. What is CV? Cost variance (CV) is a measure of cost performance on a project. The variance notifies if costs are higher than budgeted or lower than budgeted. The cost variance is calculated based on the following formula: CV = Earned Value (EV) - Actual Cost (AC) A positive value means that spending is less than budgeted, whereas a negative value indicates that costs are higher than originally planned for the project.

Answer option C is incorrect. If the CV is zero, it shows that cost is right on target.

Answer option A is incorrect. This result is depicted by viewing the schedule variance (SV), not the CV.

Answer option B is incorrect. If the CV is a negative value, it depicts that the costs are higher than planned.

The schedule performance index shows how well the project is performing on schedule. It is found by dividing the earned value by the planned value. Schedule variance (SV) is a measure of schedule performance on a project. The variance notifies that the schedule is ahead or behind what was planned for this period in time. The schedule variance is calculated based on the following formula: SV = Earned Value (EV) - Planned Value (PV) If the resulting schedule is negative, it indicates that the project is behind schedule. A value greater than 0 shows that the project is ahead of the planned schedule. A value of 0 indicates that the project is right on target.

Answer option D is incorrect. EV-AC is the project's cost variance.

Answer option B is incorrect. EV/AC is the project's cost performance index.

Answer option A is incorrect. EV-PV is the project's schedule variance.

A Website is an example of a pull communication. This means the information is available, but the reader must go to the source and retrieve the information. Pull communication is defined by what the reader wants and what interests he has in retrieving the information. In other words, the information is available, but the reader must go to the source and retrieve the information. This type of communication is used by advertising agencies to draw clients into retail establishments to receive messages. Customers decide on when and how they will act on the messages in the pull model of communications. Some virtual examples of pull communication are:

Blogs

Wikipedia

Websites

Answer option D is incorrect. This does not describe the communication model or how information is distributed.

Answer option C is incorrect. Passive communication is a not a project management term to describe communications.

Answer option B is incorrect. Push communication describes the process of delivering the communication to the recipients, such as through email.