Free Practice Questions for HP HPE6-A85 Exam

To troubleshoot an Aruba CX 6300F switch that is failing to boot correctly, you would typically use the USB-C console port. This port allows you to connect to the switch directly with a console cable and access the boot loader menu, where you can see the available OS images and the ServiceOS for recovery and troubleshooting purposes.

The client's broadcast domain in ArubaOS can be set with role-based VLAN overrides within the firewall role settings. This allows for dynamic assignment of VLANs to users based on their role, which determines their level of network access, including their broadcast domain.

 EAP-TLS is an authentication method that requires client certificates when authenticating to the network. It provides mutual authentication between the client and the server using public key cryptography and digital certificates. References:https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/ClearPass/6.9/Guest/Content/CPPM_UserGuide/EAP-TLS/EAP-TLS.htm

EAP-TLS (Extensible Authentication Protocol-Transport Layer Security) is an EAP method that requires both server-side and client-side certificates for authentication. It is considered one of the most secure EAP methods because it uses a mutual authentication process where both the user and the authentication server must prove their identities to each other through the use of certificates. Implementing user and device certificates via a Group Based Policy (GPO) aligns well with EAP-TLS requirements for client-side certificates.

The way that STP Spanning Tree Protocol. STP is a network protocol that ensures a loop-free topology for any bridged Ethernet local area network by preventing redundant paths between switches or bridges from creating loops that cause broadcast storms, multiple frame transmission, and MAC table instability. STP creates a logical tree structure that spans all of the switches in an extended network and blocks any redundant links that are not part of the tree from forwarding data packets3. will forward or discard traffic on these ports is as follows:

STP will elect a root bridge among the two switches based on their bridge IDs, which are composed of a priority value and a MAC address. The switch with the lower bridge ID will become the root bridge and will forward traffic on all its ports.

STP will assign a role and a state to each port on both switches based on their port IDs, which are composed of a priority value and a port number. The port with the lower port ID will become the designated port and will forward traffic, while the port with the higher port ID will become the alternate port and will discard traffic.

In this scenario, since both switches have two cables connected between ports 1/1/1 and 1/1/2, there will be two possible paths between them, creating a loop. To prevent this loop, STP will block one of these paths by discarding traffic on one of the ports on each switch.

Assuming that both switches have the same priority value (default is 32768), the switch with the lower MAC address will have the lower bridge ID and will become the root bridge. The root bridge will forward traffic on both ports 1/1/1 and 1/1/2.

Assuming that both ports have the same priority value (default is 128), port 1/1/1 will have a lower port ID than port 1/1/2 on both switches because it has a lower port number. Port 1/1/1 will become the designated port and will forward traffic, while port 1/1/2 will become the alternate port and will discard traffic.

Therefore, the switch with the lower MAC address will discard traffic on one port (port 1/1/2), while the switch with the higher MAC address will also discard traffic on one port (port 1/1/2).

References: 3 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanning_Tree_Protocol

ClientMatch is an Aruba patented technology that helps to move sticky clients—clients that stay connected to an AP even when there are better APs available—to a more appropriate AP. This technology ensures that clients are always connected to the best available AP, optimizing both the client's performance and the overall performance of the wireless network.

Layer 2 MAC authentication is a method of authenticating devices based on their MAC addresses without requiring any client-side configuration or credentials. The switch sends the MAC address of the device to an authentication server such as ClearPass or RADIUS, whichchecks if the MAC address is authorized to access the network. If yes, the switch grants access to the device based on the assigned role and policies. If no, the switch denies access or redirects the device to a captive portal for further authentication.References:https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/ArubaOS_86_Web_Help/Content/arubaos-solutions/1-overview/mac-authentication.htm

The Aruba CX 6300 Series is an ideal access switch for medium to high-density client environments, offering a range of models that can accommodate various port densities and types. For a distribution rack supporting 200-380 clients, printers, and APs, the CX 6300 provides the necessary port density and performance capabilities, including high-speed uplinks, support for Class 4 PoE (PoE+), and stacking capabilities. This series is cost-effective and designed for enterprises requiring reliable connectivity and consistent performance. The other options, such as the CX 6400, CX 6200, and CX 6000, may either be over-specified and more expensive (CX 6400), not offer the necessary port density (CX 6200), or not exist in the product line (CX 6000).

dBm is a unit of power that measures the ratio of a given power level to 1 mW. The formula to convert dBm to mW is: P(mW) = 1mW * 10^(P(dBm)/10). Therefore, -20 dBm corresponds to 0.01 mW, as follows: P(mW) = 1mW * 10^(-20/10) = 0.01 mW References:https://www.rapidtables.com/convert/power/dBm_to_mW.html

The dBm is a logarithmic unit of power relative to 1 milliwatt (mW). -20 dBm means that the signal strength is 20 decibels lower than 1 mW. In terms of mW, this is 0.01 mW. Each 10 dB decrease represents a tenfold decrease in power. Therefore, -20 dBm is10−210−2or 0.01 mW.

In an AOS-CX switch, if the QoS trust mode is not configured, it is set to none by default. The VoIP phones will mark their traffic with a local-priority value, which, if the QoS trust mode is none, will correspond to CoS map entry 1 by default. The local-priority value of 1 at the branch office likely indicates that the traffic is not being prioritized correctly compared to the corporate office, where a local-priority of 5 suggests a higher level of prioritization for voice traffic.

The best technology to use for dropping excessive broadcast traffic on ingress to an ArubaOS-CX switch is rate limiting. Rate limiting is a feature that allows network administrators to control the amount of traffic that enters or leaves a port or a VLAN on a switch by setting bandwidth thresholds or limits. Rate limiting can be used to prevent network congestion, improve network performance, enforce service level agreements (SLAs), or mitigate denial-of-service (DoS) attacks. Rate limiting can be applied to broadcast traffic on ingress to an ArubaOS-CX switch by using the storm-control command in interface configuration mode. This command allows network administrators to specify the percentage of bandwidth or packets per second that can be used by broadcast traffic on an ingress port. If the broadcast traffic exceeds the specified threshold, the switch will drop the excess packets.

The other options are not technologies for dropping excessive broadcast traffic on ingress because:

DWRR queuing: DWRR stands for Deficit Weighted Round Robin, which is a queuing algorithm that assigns different weights or priorities to different traffic classes or queues on an egress port. DWRR ensures that each queue gets its fair share of bandwidth based on its weight while avoiding starvation of lower priority queues. DWRR does not drop excessive broadcast traffic on ingress, but rather schedules outgoing traffic on egress.

QoS shaping: QoS stands for Quality of Service, which is a set of techniques that manage network resources and provide different levels of service to different types of traffic based on their requirements. QoS shaping is a technique that delays or buffers outgoing traffic on an egress port to match the available bandwidth or rate limit. QoS shaping does not drop excessive broadcast traffic on ingress, but rather smooths outgoing traffic on egress.

Strict queuing: Strict queuing is another queuing algorithm that assigns different priorities to different traffic classes or queues on an egress port. Strict queuing ensures that higher priority queues are always served before lower priority queues regardless of their bandwidth requirements or weights. Strict queuing does not drop excessive broadcast traffic on ingress, but rather schedules outgoing traffic on egress.

References: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_limiting https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX_10_08/NOSCG/Content/cx-noscg/qos/storm-control.htm https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX_10_08/NOSCG/Content/cx-noscg/qos/dwrr.htm https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX_10_08/NOSCG/Content/cx-noscg/qos/shaping.htm https://www.arubanetworks.com/techdocs/AOS-CX_10_08/NOSCG/Content/cx-noscg/qos/strict.htm