Free Practice Questions for CompTIA N10-009 Exam

Availability refers to ensuring that data is accessible when needed. If a customer's data is accidentally deleted, it impacts availability, as the data can no longer be accessed.

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Temperature and humidity controlis the best way to reduce the risk of electrostatic discharge (ESD). Dry environments significantly increase the likelihood of static buildup, which can discharge and damage sensitive components. By controlling humidity, the environment becomes less prone to static electricity.

A hybrid cloud deployment model is the best choice for the CTO's requirements. It allows the organization to run key services from the on-site data center while leveraging the cloud for enterprise services. This approach provides flexibility, scalability, and cost savings, while also minimizing disruptions to users by keeping critical services local. The hybrid model integrates both private and public cloud environments, offering the benefits of both.References: CompTIA Network+ study materials and cloud computing principles.

In data centers, hot aisle/cold aisle configurations are used to manage airflow and cooling efficiency. Port-side exhausts should be oriented towards the warm aisle to expel hot air and maintain optimal cooling. The document clarifies:

“Equipment with port-side exhausts should be oriented towards the warm aisle to ensure that hot air is properly directed away from the cold air intake areas. This alignment supports effective cooling in data center environments.”

•A. Isolate smart devices to their own network segment: Network segmentation using VLANs or separate SSIDs ensures that smart devices (like speakers) are not on the same network as guests, preventing unauthorized control.

•E. Change the default credentials: Many IoT devices (e.g., smart speakers) come with default usernames and passwords. If these are not changed, unauthorized users can easily take control.

•Why not the other options?

•B. Configure IPS: IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) detects threats but cannot block specific guest actions on an IoT device.

•C. Install a new AP: A new access point does not solve the unauthorized control issue.

•D. Set up a syslog server: Helps with logging, but does not prevent unauthorized access.

•F. Configure GRE: Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) is used for VPN tunneling, which is irrelevant in this case.

When high-bandwidth services like videoconferencing are introduced, two primary factors may degrade performance:

Incorrect QoS Settings (E):QoS (Quality of Service) is used to prioritize traffic. If not configured correctly, critical services like video may not get the necessary bandwidth and prioritization.

Network Congestion (F):Video services consume large amounts of data. If the network doesn’t have sufficient bandwidth or is not segmented properly, congestion will slow down all services.

DNS misconfiguration (A) would affect name resolution, not bandwidth.

Malware (C) could degrade performance, but is not tied to the described scenario.

Outdated software (D) may affect performance in some cases, but not directly linked to network congestion in this case.

Inadequate network security (B) isn't likely to cause general slowness related to video traffic.

✅ So, the most likely culprits are E. Incorrect QoS settings and F. Network congestion.

Understanding Subnetting:

Original Network: 192.168.1.0/24 has a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, which allows for 256 IP addresses (including network and broadcast addresses).

Objective: Divide this network into two equal subnets.

Calculating Subnet Mask:

New Subnet Mask: To divide 192.168.1.0/24 into two equal halves, we need to borrow one bit from the host portion of the address, changing the subnet mask to 255.255.255.128 (/25).

Subnet Breakdown:

First Subnet: 192.168.1.0/25 (192.168.1.0 - 192.168.1.127)

Second Subnet: 192.168.1.128/25 (192.168.1.128 - 192.168.1.255)

Verification:

Each subnet now has 128 IP addresses (126 usable IP addresses, excluding the network and broadcast addresses).

Comparison with Other Options:

255.255.0.0 (/16): Provides a much larger network, not dividing the original /24 network.

255.255.254.0 (/23): Also creates a larger subnet, encompassing more than the original /24 network.

255.255.255.0 (/24): Maintains the original subnet size, not dividing it.

DHCP Options: DHCP options allow additional configuration parameters, such as the address of a TFTP server, to be provided to clients during the DHCP lease process. This is essential for VoIP phones to locate the server for configuration files.

Exclusions (A): Prevents certain IP addresses from being assigned by DHCP but does not direct devices to servers.

Lease time (B): Determines how long an IP address is assigned but does not impact TFTP settings.

Scope (D): Defines a range of IP addresses but does not include additional server information.

Understanding the 169.254.x.x Address:

An IPv4 address in the range of 169.254.x.x is an Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) address, assigned when a DHCP server is unavailable.

DHCP Server Offline:

APIPA Assignment: When a device cannot obtain an IP address from a DHCP server, it assigns itself an APIPA address to enable local network communication. This allows communication with other devices on the same local subnet but not with external networks.

Resolution: Ensure the DHCP server is operational. Check for connectivity issues between the virtual machine and the DHCP server, and verify the DHCP server settings.

Comparison with Other Options:

The subnet mask is incorrect: The subnet mask 255.255.0.0 is appropriate for the 169.254.x.x range and does not prevent external access by itself.

The IP address is an RFC1918 private address: RFC1918 addresses are private IP ranges (10.x.x.x, 172.16.x.x-172.31.x.x, 192.168.x.x) but 169.254.x.x is not one of them.

The DNS server is unreachable: While this could affect name resolution, it would not prevent the assignment of a non-APIPA address or local network communication.

Troubleshooting Steps:

Verify the DHCP server’s status and connectivity.

Restart the DHCP service if necessary.

Renew the IP lease on the virtual machine using commands such as ipconfig /renew (Windows) or dhclient (Linux).

•Since this issue occurred after a configuration change on a Layer 3 switch, the most likely cause is misconfigured ACLs (Access Control Lists).

•ACLs control which traffic is allowed or denied, so an incorrect ACL may be blocking access to the file server.

•Why not the other options?

•Switching loop (B): A switching loop occurs at Layer 2 (not Layer 3) and causes network-wide broadcast storms, not just loss of access to a file server.

•Duplicate IP addresses (C): This would cause connectivity issues for the devices with the conflict, but not necessarily prevent all users from accessing the file server.

•Wrong default route (D): The default route is used for traffic leaving the local network. If users are unable to access an internal file server, this is unlikely to be the issue.