The correct designation for a generalist laboratory professional with a bachelor's degree certified by the American Society for Clinical Pathology is
In primary responses, the major class of antibody produced is IgM whereas in the secondary response, as mentioned in this question, it is IgG. IgG is present in the highest quantities compared to all other antibody classes and is the only antibody able to cross the placental barrier.
Which of the following antibody types is chiefly seen in the secondary immune response:
1. B
2. C
3. A
Granular casts are composed of plasma protein aggregates and cellular remnants. Granular casts appear as cylinders of coarse, or fine, highly refractive particles.
Broad casts or "renal failure' casts are formed in the collecting ducts as the result of urinary stasis and are two to six times the size of other types of casts. Any type of cast can be a broad cast. Broad casts are typically seen in patients with advanced renal failure.
Hyaline casts, the type most commonly seen in urine sediment, have a refractive index similar to the urine in which they are suspended. For this reason, hyaline casts will appear almost invisible under brightfield microscopy, but are easily of seen by phase-contrast microscopy.
Match the following descriptions of casts with their appropriate name:
1. Casts with highly refractive particles
2. "Renal failure" cast
3. Low refractive index
Coumarin derivatives inhibit the vitamin K dependent Factors (II, VII, X) which can be measured with the PT and monitored frequently with the INR assay.
Hematology
Warfarin-based (coumarin derivative) oral anti-coagulant therapy is commonly monitored with :
In DNA complementary base pairing, guanine and cytosine pair and adenine and thymine base pair. Remembering the phrase "G-CAT" helps one recollect correct pairing.
Which nitrogen base would bind with a guanine nucleotide in forming double-stranded DNA?
What are the certification requirements for clinical laboratory professionals?
The patient's BUN is within normal range (5-20 mg/dL) while the creatinine is about five times the upper normal range (0.6-1.2 mg/dL). Gross elevations in creatinine are almost always accompanied by elevations in BUN when there is kidney impairment. Either the BUN or creatinine value in this case is incorrect. Both tests should be repeated.
A patient's BUN value is 15 mg/dl and his creatinine is 5 mg/dl. If this patient is not undergoing dialysis, what conclusion would you draw from these results?
Which of the following could reduce the risk of a patient becoming infected with a hospital acquired infection?
The electrolyte panel consists of potassium, sodium, chloride, carbon dioxide. These analytes are also typically ordered within other panels as well, including the basic metabolic and complete metabolic panels.
An electrolyte panel (lytes, chem-4) consists of:
Which of the following testing options would be classified as waived testing by CLIA standards?
The conidia of Exophiala species are produced within phialides that extrude the conidia in tight, ball-like clusters.
The large, drum stick-shaped muriform macroconidia of Alternaria species are arranged in short chains; the small, elliptical conidia of Cladosporium species are arranged in both long and short, branching chains.
Which of the following dematiaceous fungal species produce conidia in clusters?
The Western Blot Assay is used as a confirmatory test for which of the following:
All of the following have been an inspection deficiency for CLIA-approved laboratories except:
The personal protective equipment (PPE) that is used in the laboratory to protect the personnel when performing tests on patient blood samples is which of the following:
Duffy antigens are rendered inactive by enzyme treatments since the enzyme will remove the sialic acid from the RBC membrane. This process destroys: M, N, S, s, and Duffy antigens. The process enhances the reactions for Rh, Kidd, Lewis, I, and P antigens.
When performing an antibody panel, which one of the following antigens will be rendered inactive by enzyme treatment?
