Free Practice Questions for WGU Web-Development-Applications Exam

The #item token in CSS is used to select an HTML element by its ID attribute.

CSS ID Selector:

Syntax: The ID selector is prefixed with a hash symbol (#) followed by the ID value of the HTML element.

Example: If the HTML element has an attribute id="item", it can be selected and styled in CSS as:

width: 300px;

}

Functionality:

Selects an Element: The ID selector targets the specific HTML element with the matching id attribute.

Specificity: ID selectors have high specificity, meaning they will override styles from type selectors and

The

JavaScript is a scripting language primarily used for creating and controlling dynamic website content. Here are some characteristics:

Runs Inside a Web Browser: JavaScript code is executed in the web browser, making it possible to create interactive and dynamic web pages.

Cross-Browser Compatibility: JavaScript is designed to be compatible across different web browsers.

Interpreted Language: JavaScript is interpreted, meaning it does not need to be compiled before execution.

Accessible to Users: JavaScript code is not hidden from the user; it can be viewed in the browser’s developer tools.

References:

MDN Web Docs on JavaScript

W3C JavaScript Introduction

Padding is the CSS property used to create space between the content of an element and its border. It is an internal spacing within the element.

CSS Box Model:

Content: The innermost part, where text and images appear.

Padding: The space between the content and the border.

Border: The edge of the element.

Margin: The space outside the border, creating space between different elements.

Usage:

Padding:

div {

padding: 20px;

}

This code adds 20 pixels of padding on all sides of the content within the div element.

References:

MDN Web Docs - Padding

W3C CSS Box Model

The Document Object Model (DOM) is an API for HTML and XML documents that defines the logical structure of documents and the way a document is accessed and manipulated.

DOM Explanation:

The DOM represents the page so that programs can change the document structure, style, and content.

It provides a way for scripts to update the content, structure, and style of a document while it is being viewed.

Explanation:

Option A: CSS is incorrect because it is used for styling web pages.

Option B: XML is incorrect because it is a markup language, not an API for manipulating web page elements.

Option C: HTML is incorrect because it is the markup language used to create web pages, not an API for manipulation.

Option D: DOM is correct because it allows a scripting language to manipulate elements on a web page.

References:

MDN Web Docs - DOM

W3Schools - JavaScript HTML DOM

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) are used to control the presentation of web pages, including aspects such as layout, colors, fonts, and other visual styles. They are a cornerstone technology of the World Wide Web, along with HTML and JavaScript. Here’s a detailed breakdown:

Purpose of CSS: CSS is designed to enable the separation of document content (written in HTML or a similar markup language) from document presentation, including elements such as the layout, colors, and fonts. This separation can improve content accessibility, provide more flexibility and control in the specification of presentation characteristics, enable multiple web pages to share formatting, and reduce complexity and repetition in the structural content.

Setting Visual Rules: CSS allows developers to define rules that specify how different elements of a web page should be displayed. For example, CSS rules can change text color, font size, spacing between elements, and even the overall layout of the web page. These rules are applied by the browser to render the web page according to the defined styles.

Cascading Nature: The term "cascading" in CSS refers to the process of combining multiple style sheets and resolving conflicts between different CSS rules. This allows developers to use different sources of style information, which can be combined in a hierarchical manner. For instance, a browser style sheet, an external style sheet, and inline styles can all contribute to the final rendering of a web page.

Benefits of CSS:

Consistency: By using CSS, developers can ensure a consistent look and feel across multiple web pages.

Maintainability: CSS makes it easier to update the visual presentation of a web page without altering the HTML structure. This is particularly useful for maintaining large websites.

Reusability: CSS rules can be reused across multiple pages, reducing redundancy and making it easier to implement changes globally.

Examples of CSS:

css

Copy code

body {

background-color: lightblue;

}

h1 {

color: navy;

margin-left: 20px;

}

In this example, the body element is given a light blue background color, and the h1 element is styled with a navy color and a left margin of 20 pixels.

References:

MDN Web Docs on CSS

W3C CSS Specifications

To apply CSS only to the first line of a particular HTML element, the ID selector #Welcome should be used as per the given HTML structure.

CSS ID Selector: The ID selector is used to style the element with a specific id.

Usage Example:

#Welcome {

color: red;

}

In this example, the #Welcome selector will apply the red color style only to the element with id="Welcome".

References:

MDN Web Docs on ID Selectors

W3C CSS Specification on Selectors

The pattern attribute in the element is used to define a regular expression that the input value must match for it to be valid. The pattern \d{5} ensures that the data entered is either a five-digit zip code or an empty string (if the required attribute is not used).

Pattern Explanation:

\d{5}: Matches exactly five digits.

This ensures that only a five-digit number or an empty string (if not required) is valid.

Usage Example:

This ensures that the input matches a five-digit zip code.

References:

MDN Web Docs on pattern

Regular Expressions Documentation

The data type of the variable a is determined by the value assigned to it. In JavaScript, if a value is enclosed in double or single quotes, it is treated as a string.

Variable Assignment:

Given the code:

var a = "true";

The value "true" is enclosed in double quotes, making it a string.

Explanation:

Option A: Boolean is incorrect because the value "true" is a string, not a boolean.

Option B: String is correct because the value is enclosed in double quotes.

Option C: Object is incorrect because the value is a primitive string.

Option D: Undefined is incorrect because the variable a is assigned a value.

References:

MDN Web Docs - JavaScript Data Types

W3Schools - JavaScript Data Types

The translateX(n) method in CSS is used to move an element horizontally on the 2-D plane by a specified distance. This transformation repositions the element along the X-axis.

translateX(n) Method: The translateX(n) function moves an element horizontally by n units. Positive values move the element to the right, while negative values move it to the left.

Usage Example:

element {

transform: translateX(100px);

}

In this example, the element is moved 100 pixels to the right.

Properties:

n: This represents the distance to move the element. It can be specified in various units such as pixels (px), percentages (%), ems (em), etc.

References:

MDN Web Docs on transform

W3C CSS Transforms Module Level 1