Free Practice Questions for VMware 2V0-72.22 Exam

Spring and Spring Boot provide various annotations and utilities to support testing of different layers of the application. To create an ApplicationContext for integration tests, we can use either @SpringBootTest or @SpringJUnitConfig annotations. The former is a specialized annotation that also provides additional features such as auto-configuration, web environment emulation, and test properties management. The latter is a general-purpose annotation that combines @ContextConfiguration and @ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class) annotations.

To perform slice testing, which focuses on testing a specific layer or feature of the application in isolation, we can use annotations such as @WebMvcTest, @DataJpaTest, @RestClientTest, etc. These annotations will only load the relevant beans for the tested slice and mock or stub the other dependencies.

Enable auto-configuration of the Spring Application Context, attempting to guess and configure beans that you are likely to need https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/api/org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/EnableAutoConfiguration.html

Spring Boot provides a set of tools for improving the development experience, such as automatic restart, live reload, remote debugging, etc. These tools are included in the spring-boot-starter-devtools dependency, which can be added to the project’s pom.xml or build.gradle file. The automatic restart feature will monitor the classpath for changes and trigger a restart of the application when necessary.

A bean definition profile is a named logical grouping of bean definitions that can be activated or deactivated in different environments. For example, we can define different profiles for development, testing, and production environments. Spring provides the @Profile annotation to mark a bean definition or a configuration class as belonging to a specific profile. To activate a profile, we can use the spring.profiles.active property or the ConfigurableEnvironment.setActiveProfiles() method.

The @ActiveProfiles annotation is a class-level annotation that is used in conjunction with the Spring TestContext Framework to declare which profiles should be active when loading an ApplicationContext for an integration test. This annotation can be applied to any class annotated with @ContextConfiguration or a meta-annotation that is composed of @ContextConfiguration.

Spring Security uses a filter-based architecture to provide security services for web applications. A filter is an object that intercepts HTTP requests and responses and performs some logic before or after the request is processed by the servlet. Spring Security provides a number of filters for different purposes, such as:

Authentication: Filters that handle the authentication process, such as UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter, BasicAuthenticationFilter, RememberMeAuthenticationFilter, etc.

User management: Filters that manage the user details and roles, such as SecurityContextPersistenceFilter, AnonymousAuthenticationFilter, ConcurrentSessionFilter, etc.

Logout: Filters that handle the logout process, such as LogoutFilter and SecurityContextLogoutHandler.

Authorization: Filters that enforce access control rules based on the user’s authentication and roles, such as FilterSecurityInterceptor, ExceptionTranslationFilter, etc.

Spring Data MongoDB https://spring.io/projects/spring-data-mongodb . Spring Data Neo4j https://spring.io/projects/spring-data-neo4j Spring Data Redis https://spring.io/projects/spring-data-redis

For example: Spring Data Envers

Optional findById(ID primaryKey);

Spring Security is a framework that provides comprehensive security services for Java applications, such as authentication, authorization, encryption, session management, and more. One of its features is method security, which allows applying access control rules at the method level using annotations or XML configuration. Another feature is authentication, which is the process of verifying the identity of a user or a system. Spring Security supports various authentication mechanisms, such as username and password, tokens, certificates, etc., and can access authentication data from different sources, such as databases, LDAP directories, in-memory stores, etc.