Free Practice Questions for SISA CSPAI Exam

ISO 42001 outlines a framework for organizations to manage AI responsibly, covering risk assessment, governance, and continual improvement. It ensures alignment with ethical principles, promoting trustworthy AI through structured processes. Applicable across sectors, it integrates with existing management systems like ISO 27001. Exact extract: "The main objective of ISO 42001 is to establish requirements for an AI management system in organizations." (Reference: Cyber Security for AI by SISA Study Guide, Section on ISO 42001 Overview, Page 260-263).

Hallucinations in AI, particularly LLMs, arise from gaps in training data, overfitting, or inadequate generalization, leading to plausible but false outputs. The most effective mitigation is retraining with expansive, high-quality datasets that cover diverse scenarios, ensuring factual grounding and reducing fabrication risks. This involves curating verified sources, incorporating fact-checking mechanisms, and using techniques like data augmentation to fill knowledge voids. Complementary strategies include prompt engineering and external verification, but foundational retraining addresses root causes, enhancing overall trustworthiness. In security contexts, this prevents misinformation propagation, critical for applications in decision-making or content generation. Exact extract: "To reduce hallucinations and improve trustworthiness, retrain the model with more comprehensive and accurate datasets, ensuring better factual alignment and reduced erroneous confidence in outputs." (Reference: Cyber Security for AI by SISA Study Guide, Section on LLM Risks and Mitigations, Page 120-123).

Machine learning enhances financial predictive models by continuously learning from new data, refining predictions for tasks like fraud detection or market forecasting. This adaptability leverages evolving patterns, unlike static historical or manual methods, and improves security posture through real-time anomaly detection. Exact extract: "ML improves financial predictive accuracy by continuously learning from new data patterns to refine predictions." (Reference: Cyber Security for AI by SISA Study Guide, Section on ML in Financial Security, Page 85-88).

The NIST AI Risk Management Framework (AI RMF) provides a structured approach to identify, assess, and mitigate risks in GenAI, emphasizing trustworthiness attributes like safety, fairness, and explainability. It categorizes risks into governance, mapping, measurement, and management phases, tailored for AI lifecycles. For GenAI, it addresses unique risks such as hallucinations or bias amplification. Organizations apply it to conduct impact assessments and implement controls, ensuring compliance and ethical deployment. Exact extract: "NIST's AI RMF is commonly used to assess risks in Generative AI, focusing on trustworthiness and lifecycle management." (Reference: Cyber Security for AI by SISA Study Guide, Section on NIST Frameworks for AI Risk, Page 230-233).

Responsible AI standards, including ISO 42001 for AI management systems, aim to promote ethical development, ensuring safety, fairness, and harm prevention in LLM deployments. This encompasses bias mitigation, transparency, and accountability, aligning with societal values. Regulations like the EU AI Act reinforce this by categorizing risks and mandating safeguards. The goal transcends performance to foster trust and sustainability, addressing issues like discrimination or misuse. Exact extract: "The primary goal is to ensure AI systems operate safely, ethically, and without causing harm, as outlined in standards like ISO 42001." (Reference: Cyber Security for AI by SISA Study Guide, Section on Responsible AI and ISO Standards, Page 150-153).