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Which of the following is the most reliable indicator of effective respiration in a patient?

A.

Respiratory rate

B.

Mental status

C.

Pulse oximetry reading

D.

Skin color

When using the SALT method for triage, which of the following interventions should the EMT perform during the individual assessment step?

A.

Assessing respirations, administering two rescue breaths, and assessing patient mentation

B.

Insertion of airway adjuncts, bleeding control, and moving patients to the triage area

C.

Completing first responder scorecards to track patients

D.

Bleeding control, opening the airway, and administering two rescue breaths for pediatric patients

A 67-year-old patient reports crushing chest pressure. The vital signs are BP 156/98, P 64, R 14, and SpO2 94%. What treatments should the EMT provide first? Select the two correct options.

A.

Give aspirin

B.

Apply CPAP

C.

Administer oxygen

D.

Lay the patient supine

E.

Assist with nitroglycerin

You have achieved ROSC (Return of Spontaneous Circulation) in a 77-year-old female. She remains unresponsive and her vital signs are BP 94/58, P 82, and R 18. In what position should she be placed?

A.

Supine

B.

Left lateral recumbent

C.

Trendelenburg

D.

Head elevated 45°

An 83-year-old patient is unresponsive and lying on the floor. The patient has a large bruise and laceration on the forehead. The patient’s vital signs are BP 90/60, P 126, and R 0. Which of the following conditions should the EMT most suspect?

A.

Spine injury

B.

Brain herniation

C.

Commotio cordis

D.

Open pneumothorax

A 70-year-old patient has a sudden onset of difficulty breathing with throat and chest tightness after working outside. The EMT auscultates bilateral wheezes. The vital signs are BP 60/44, P 128, R 28, and SpO₂ 90% on room air. Which of the following treatments should the EMT administer?

A.

Sublingual nitroglycerin

B.

Epinephrine auto-injector

C.

Positive pressure ventilations

D.

Patient's metered-dose inhaler

A 31-year-old patient has an open femur fracture and an unstable pelvis after falling 15 feet. They are conscious and responsive to verbal stimuli. The vital signs are BP 86/42, P 136, R 24, and SpO₂ 92% on room air. The patient has which of the following types of shock? Select the two correct options.

A.

Distributive

B.

Obstructive

C.

Hypovolemic

D.

Compensated

E.

Decompensated

A 23-year-old male fell down a flight of stairs, struck his head, and briefly lost consciousness. He opens his eyes when you ask him questions, knows his name, but doesn't know where he is or what happened. He is able to squeeze your hands on command. What is his Glasgow Coma Score?

A.

14

B.

12

C.

11

D.

13

Defusing sessions should do which of the following in order to be successful? Select the two correct options.

A.

Be held immediately following an incident

B.

Take place 72 hours or more following an incident

C.

Allow the open sharing of information

D.

Have mental health experts present during the session

E.

Force all providers to provide feedback

A drowsy 72-year-old female complains of difficulty breathing. Her respiratory rate is 50, and her SpO₂ is 89% on room air. You should suspect

A.

Respiratory arrest

B.

Respiratory alkalosis

C.

Respiratory failure

D.

Respiratory distress