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A 10-year-old boy has been diagnosed with Legg-Calvé Perthes disease. Which of the client’s responses would indicate compliance during initial therapy?

A.

Drinking large amounts of milk

B.

Not bearing weight on affected extremity

C.

Walking short distances 3 times/day

D.

Putting self on weight reduction diet

The physician has ordered that ampicillin 250 mg IV be given over 30 minutes. The medication is diluted as recommended in 10 mL in the volume control chamber of a set that has a tubing of 12 mL. Which nursing measure is most accurate considering these facts?

A.

Infuse volume at 44 mL/hr.

B.

Infuse volume at 22 mL/hr.

C.

Infuse volume at 10 mL/hr.

D.

Infuse volume at 30 mL/hr.

The pediatrician has diagnosed tinea capitis in an 8- year-old girl and has placed her on oral griseofulvin. The nurse should emphasize which of these instructions to the mother and/or child?

A.

Administer oral griseofulvin on an empty stomach for best results.

B.

Discontinue drug therapy if food tastes funny.

C.

May discontinue medication when the child experiences symptomatic relief.

D.

Observe for headaches, dizziness, and anorexia.

A 24-year-old male client is admitted with a diagnosis of sickle cell anemia. The nurse discusses his disease with him and emphasizes the following information:

A.

He should monitor his sputum, stools, and urine for signs of bleeding.

B.

His daily diet should include a large amount of fluid.

C.

He should not be concerned about having to fly on a commuter airplane on a weekly basis.

D.

He should not worry about having children because this disease is passed on only by female carriers.

A female client at 36 weeks’ gestation has been treated successfully for premature labor for 4 weeks. She has begun having uterine contractions today and has been admitted to the labor and delivery suite. Her amniocentesis results reveal a lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio of 2 and positive phosphatidylglycerol (PG). These lab values indicate:

A.

Placental maturity

B.

Suspected chronic asphyxia

C.

Cord compression

D.

Fetal lung maturity

A female client has been recently diagnosed as bipolar. She has taken lithium for the past several weeks to control mania. What must be included in client education regarding lithium toxicity?

A.

Maintain a normal diet; however, limit salt intake to no more than 3 g/day.

B.

Take lithium between meals to increase absorption.

C.

Withhold lithium if experiencing diarrhea, vomiting, or diaphoresis.

D.

For pain or fever, avoid aspirin or acetaminophen (Tylenol). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are preferred.

A client’s wife is concerned over his behavior in recent months. He has been diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease, and she is telling his nurse that he has been doing “strange things.” The nurse reassures the wife that the following behavior is normal with Parkinson’s disease:

A.

“Your husband will experience some periods of muscle flaccidity. Be sure to make him sit down during these periods.”

B.

“Your husband may move his hands in motions that look like he is rolling a pill between his fingers.”

C.

“Twitching of the muscles is to be expected and can occur at any time during the day.”

D.

“Parkinson’s disease causes severe pain in the joints. You should give your husband Tylenol at those times.”

A 30-year-old female client is receiving antineoplastic chemotherapy. Which of the following symptoms should especially concern the nurse when caring for her?

A.

Respiratory rate of 16 breaths/min

B.

Pulse rate of 80 bpm

C.

Complaints of muscle aches

D.

A sore throat

An 11-month-old infant is admitted with a possible diagnosis of pyloric stenosis. Which of the following best describes the characteristic clinical manifestations of pyloric stenosis?

A.

Pain, especially when eating

B.

Poor appetite and sucking reflex

C.

Increased frequency and quantity of stools

D.

Palpable olive-shaped mass in the epigastrium just right of the umbilical cord

At her monthly prenatal visit, a client reports experiencing heartburn. Which nursing measure should be included in her plan of care to help alleviate it?

A.

Restrict fluid intake.

B.

Use Alka-Seltzer as necessary.

C.

Eat small, frequent bland meals.

D.

Lie down after eating.

An alcoholic client who is completing the inpatient segment of a substance abuse program was placed on disulfiram (Antabuse) drug therapy. What should the nurse include in the discharge instructions?

A.

If disulfiram is taken and alcohol ingested, the client experiences nausea, vomiting and elevated blood pressure.

B.

Disulfiram is most effective when prescribed as late as possible in a recovery program.

C.

Disulfiram works on the desensitization principle.

D.

The effects of disulfiram can be triggered by alcohol 5 days to 2 weeks after the drug is discontinued.

A male client has heart failure. He has been instructed to gradually increase his activities. Which signs and symptoms of worsening heart failure should the nurse tell him to watch for that would indicate a need for him to lower his activity level?

A.

Pain in his legs when he walks

B.

Thirst, weight loss, and polyuria

C.

Drowsiness and lethargy after his activities

D.

Weight gain, edema in his lower extremities, and shortness of breath

A 4-week-old infant is admitted to the emergency room in respiratory distress. Which of the following statements indicates the nurse’s knowledge of the anatomy of the respiratory system in pediatric clients?

A.

The diameter of the trachea is much smaller in children than in adults.

B.

The tongue is proportionally smaller in children than in adults.

C.

The pediatric airway is more rigid than that of the adults.

D.

The length of the pediatric airway is longer in children than in adults.

After instructing a female client on circumcision care, the nursery nurse asks her to restate some of the key points covered. Which statement shows that the client will properly care for her son’s circumcision?

A.

“I’ll make sure I soak the gauze with warm water first, before I take it off each time.”

B.

“I’ll make sure that I report any drainage around where they operated.”

C.

“I’ll apply alcohol to the area daily to clean it and prevent any infection.”

D.

“I’ll keep a close watch on it for a day or two.”

A male client tells his nurse that he has had an ulcer in the past and is afraid it is “flaring up again.” The nurse begins to ask him specific questions about his symptoms. The nurse knows that a symptom that might indicate a serious complication of an ulcer is:

A.

Pain in the middle of the night

B.

A bowel movement every 3–5 days

C.

Melena

D.

Episodes of nausea and vomiting

A female client presents to the obstetric-gynecology clinic for a pregnancy test, the result which turns out to be positive. Her last menstrual period began December 10, 1993. Using Nägele’s rule, the nurse estimates her date of delivery to be:

A.

September 17, 1994

B.

September 10, 1994

C.

September 3, 1994

D.

August 17, 1994

A murmur has been discovered during the routine physical examination of a 1-year-old child. The parent is extremely concerned about this diagnosis. Which of the following explanations by the nurse indicates understanding of this dysfunction?

A.

The blood shifts from the right to the left atrium.

B.

Surgical closure by suture or patch is recommended before school age.

C.

Most atrial septal defects close spontaneously.

D.

The child can be treated medically with antibiotics to prevent bacterial endocarditis.

The FHR pattern in a laboring client begins to show early decelerations. The nurse would best respond by:

A.

Notifying the physician

B.

Changing the client to the left lateral position

C.

Continuing to monitor the FHR closely

D.

Administering O2 at 8 L/min via face mask

A female client is admitted to the emergency department complaining of severe right-sided abdominal pain and vaginal spotting. She states that her last menstrual period was about 2 months ago. A positive pregnancy test result and ultrasonography confirm an ectopic pregnancy. The nurse could best explain to the client that her condition is caused by:

A.

Abnormal development of the embryo

B.

A distended or ruptured fallopian tube

C.

A congenital abnormality of the tube

D.

A malfunctioning of the placenta

A female client is anticipating a visit with her parents over the Thanksgiving holidays. She has recently begun experiencing periods of extreme shortness of breath, which her physician has labeled as panic attacks. Which of the following statements by the nurse would enhance therapeutic communication?

A.

“Why do you feel this way?”

B.

“Tell me about your dislike for your parents.”

C.

“Don’t worry, everything will be all right on your visit with your parents.”

D.

“Perhaps you and I can discover what produces your anxiety.”