Free Practice Questions for ISTQB ISTQB-CTAL-TA Exam

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

b)Consistency is checked and seems fine as no conflicting requirements are stated.

d)Correct. The requirements listed are not uniquely identified, which can cause confusion during testing.

e)Correct. The document has a version number, date, and author specified, so this is met.

a)The requirements are generally testable.

c)The requirements are generally clear and unambiguous.

Therefore, the correct answer isB (d, e).

Eight cases are required to test the tax system specification using a decision table that is not collapsed. A decision table is a technique that shows the combinations of conditions and actions for a given scenario. A decision table that is not collapsed contains all possible combinations of conditions and actions, regardless of whether they are valid or not. The conditions for this scenario are:

Salary less than €20 000

Married

Number of children more than two and less than five

The number of cases is equal to the number of possible combinations of these conditions, which is 2^3 = 8. Verified References: [ISTQB® Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Analyst CTAL-TA], Section 3.3.1, page 37.

Eight 0-switch test cases are needed to achieve 100% 0-switch coverage. A state transition test technique is a technique that tests the behavior of a system or component based on its states and transitions between them. A 0-switch test case is a test case that covers one state and its associated actions and events. To achieve 100% 0-switch coverage, all states and their associated actions and events must be covered by at least one test case. The states for this scenario are:

Enter PIN

PIN OK

PIN not OK

1st try

2nd try

3rd try

Access to act

Eat card

Verified References: [ISTQB® Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Analyst CTAL-TA], Section 3.4.1, page 39.

Seven test cases are needed to achieve the minimum acceptable level of coverage for this use case. A use case is a technique that describes the interactions between a system and its actors to achieve a specific goal. A use case consists of a basic scenario and alternative scenarios that describe the normal and exceptional flows of events. The minimum acceptable level of coverage for a use case is achieved when at least one test case covers each scenario and each error condition. The scenarios and error conditions for this use case are:

Basic scenario: single-sided to single-sided

Alternatives: single-sided to double-sided, copy of a set, copy using the automatic document feeder

Errors: no paper in paper tray, paper jam, out of staples

The number of test cases is equal to the number of scenarios and error conditions, which is 7. Verified References: [ISTQB® Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Analyst CTAL-TA], Section 3.6.1, page 43.

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

Pairwise testing is a combinatorial test design technique in which test cases are designed to execute all possible discrete combinations of each pair of input parameters. This technique significantly reduces the number of test cases compared to exhaustive testing while still covering pairwise interactions.

To calculate the number of test cases:

Colour: 4 options

Model: 3 options

Gigabytes: 4 options

Connectivity: 2 options

Pairwise testing does not necessarily involve multiplying all options, as it aims to cover all pairs. Using an orthogonal array or pairwise tool, the minimum number of test cases that cover all pairs for these parameters is16. Hence, the answer isC (16).

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

Project A:Since the maintenance release involves minor changes and experienced testers are manually executing test cases,high-level test casesare sufficient. These cases outline what to test without detailed steps.

Project B:Developing an algorithm involves complex logic and requiresdetailed validation, solow-level test casesare essential. They provide precise input, expected results, and detailed procedures, which are important fortest automation and audit compliance.

Therefore, the correct answer isA (Project A - High level test cases. Project B - Low level test cases).

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

Decision Table Analysis:

Age:Valid ranges (18-69), excludes those aged ≥70 or <18 (2 valid values).

Alcohol Consumption:≤14 units, >14 units (2 values).

Smoking Status:Smoker, Non-smoker (2 values).

Employment Status:Full-time, Not full-time (2 values).

After removinginfeasible combinations(like age <18 or ≥70), the possible combinations are reduced.

2 (age) x 2 (alcohol) x 2 (smoker) x 2 (employment) = 16possible combinations.

However, some combinations are logicallycollapsedor omitted, as irrelevant conditions are not covered.

After this collapsing, the total number ofnecessary test casesis8.

Therefore, the correct answer isB (8).

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

Since the question focuses onIterations 1 and 2 only, we must prioritize risks related to these iterations.

R01(Accessibility): Low likelihood, medium impact — not a priority for initial iterations.

R02(Budget calculation): Related to Iteration 3, so it isnot relevantto the current test design.

R03(Installation issues on iOS and Android): High impact, medium likelihood —relevantfor both Iterations 1 and 2. Installation is crucial for ensuring the application works on both platforms.

R04(Insufficient testing time): Medium impact and likelihood — important, but R03 is more critical.

Hence, the highest priority risk to address first isR03 (The application may be incorrectly installed on some iOS and Android devices).

The type of test technique that is most useful in this situation is experience-based test technique. Experience-based test technique is a technique that relies on the knowledge and intuition of the testers to design and execute test cases based on their experience with similar systems or technologies. This technique is suitable for testing software that has no documented requirements and no time budgeted for writing them, as it can help to identify potential risks and defects based on past observations and lessons learned. Verified References: [ISTQB® Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Analyst CTAL-TA], Section 3.7.1, page 45.

Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:

Functional appropriateness testingis often done duringsystem testingbecause it evaluates whether the implemented functions meet user needs, but it can also be part ofintegration testingwhen assessing integrated components.

Functional correctness testingisnot limited to any specific test level. It can be performed duringunit, integration, system, or acceptance testingto verify the accuracy of functions.

Option Bis incorrect because functional completeness is not necessarily the last stage of testing.

Option Cis incorrect because functional appropriateness is mainly done during system testing, not before.

Option Dis incorrect because functional correctness is not restricted to system testing.

The correct answer isA (Functional appropriateness testing is usually undertaken during system testing; functional correctness testing can be conducted at any test level).