According to what was covered in the course, is it possible to perform phishing outside our network?
Yes, the learned method works outside the local network and has been proven to be used by attackers to their advantage.
No, the learned method only works in a local environment.
No, the learned method does not work on all devices.
The Answer Is:
AExplanation:
Phishing attacks arenot limited to local networks, making option A the correct answer. Modern phishing techniques are designed to operate over the internet and target victims globally using email, messaging platforms, social networks, and malicious websites.
In ethical hacking and cybersecurity training, phishing demonstrations often begin in controlled or local environments to teach fundamental concepts safely. However, the same techniques—such as fake login pages, credential harvesting, and social manipulation—are widely used by attackers outside local networks. These attacks rely on human interaction rather than network proximity.
Option B is incorrect because phishing does not require local network access. Option C is incorrect because phishing works across many devices, including desktops, laptops, and mobile phones.
From a security trends perspective, phishing remains one of themost effective and prevalent cyberattack methods. Attackers continuously adapt their techniques to bypass email filters and exploit human trust. Ethical hackers study phishing to help organizations improve awareness, email security, and authentication mechanisms.
Understanding that phishing operates beyond local environments reinforces the importance of user training, multi-factor authentication, and proactive monitoring. Ethical testing helps organizations reduce the risk posed by phishing attacks in real-world scenarios.
What is the Lhost in metasploit?
Local host.
Host line.
Local hosting.
The Answer Is:
AExplanation:
In the Metasploit Framework, LHOST stands forLocal Host. This is a critical configuration variable that specifies the IP address of the attacker's (tester's) machine. When an ethical hacker deploys an exploit—particularly one that utilizes areverse shell—the LHOST tells the victim's machine exactly where to send the connection back to.
Setting the LHOST correctly is vital for the success of an exploitation attempt. In most network environments, especially those involving NAT (Network Address Translation) or VPNs, the tester must ensure they use the IP address that is reachable by the target system. For instance, if the tester is on a local network, they would use their internal IP; however, if they are testing over a wider network or the internet, they must ensure the LHOST points to a public IP or a listener configured to handle the traffic.
Along with LPORT (Local Port), LHOST defines the listener on the attacker's machine. When the exploit executes on the target (RHOST), the payload initiates a connection back to the address defined in LHOST. If this variable is misconfigured, the exploit might successfully run on the victim's end, but the tester will never receive the shell, resulting in a failed attempt. For an ethical hacker, double-checking the LHOST and LPORT settings is a standard "best practice" before launching any module to ensure a stable and reliable connection is established.
What is a public IP?
Public IP addresses are assigned by Internet service providers.
It is the IP address assigned by the modem to the devices.
It is an IP that everyone uses.
The Answer Is:
AExplanation:
A public IP address is a fundamental element of the global internet infrastructure, serving as a unique identifier for a device or network gateway on the public web. These addresses are assigned by Internet Service Providers (ISPs) to their customers. Unlike private IP addresses, which are used for internal communication within a local network (like your home or office Wi-Fi), a public IP is globally unique and routable across the entire internet.
In the context of information security, the public IP represents the "front door" of an organization’s digital presence. It is the address that external servers, websites, and hackers see when a connection is made. For example, when an ethical hacker performs an "External Penetration Test," they are targeting the organization’s public IP to see what services (like web servers or VPN gateways) are exposed to the world.
Understanding the difference between a public IP and a private IP is crucial for managing security perimeters. While a modem or router might assign private IPs to internal devices (Option B), the router itself holds the public IP assigned by the ISP to communicate with the rest of the world. Protecting the public IP involve using firewalls and intrusion prevention systems to ensure that only legitimate traffic is allowed into the internal network. Because this address is visible to everyone, it is often the first point of contact for reconnaissance activities like port scanning or Google Dorking, making it a vital element to monitor and secure.
