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State A, which requires guaranteed issue of at least two mandated healthcare plans, has established a typical health coverage reinsurance program for small employer groups. One true statement about this reinsurance program is that it most likely

A.

is administered by a commercial reinsurance company that operates in State A

B.

allows a small employer carrier operating in State A to reinsure either an entire small group or specific individuals within the group

C.

has, for the coverage on a plan, a base premium, which is multiplied by a factor of 2 in the case of reinsurance on entire groups or a factor of 3 for reinsurance on individuals

D.

prohibits a small employer carrier operating in State A from placing individuals enrolled in small groups in a reinsurance pool

The Atoll Health Plan must comply with a number of laws that directly affect the plan's contracts. One of these laws allows Atoll's plan members to receive medical services from certain specialists without first being referred to those specialists by a primary care provider (PCP). This law, which reduces the PCP's ability to manage utilization of these specialists, is known as _________.

A.

A due process law

B.

An any willing provider law

C.

A direct access law

D.

A fair procedure law

The following transactions occurred at the Lane Health Plan:

    Transaction 1 — Lane recorded a $25,000 premium prior to receiving the payment

    Transaction 2 — Lane purchased $500 in office expenses on account, but did not record the expense until it received the bill a month later

    Transaction 3 — Fire destroyed one of Lane’s facilities; Lane waited until the facility was rebuilt before assessing and recording the amount of loss

    Transaction 4 — Lane sold an investment on which it realized a $14,000 gain; Lane recorded the gain only after the sale was completed.

Of these transactions, the one that is consistent with the accounting principle of conservatism is:

A.

Transaction 1

B.

Transaction 2

C.

Transaction 3

D.

Transaction 4

A health plan's costs can be classified as committed costs or discretionary costs. An example of a discretionary cost for a health plan is the cost of its

A.

Facilities

B.

Executive salaries

C.

Employee training

D.

Equipment

A health plan most likely would use benchmarking in order to

A.

Measure its performance and practices against those of other companies to help identify those practices that will lead to superior performance in a variety of financial and non-financial areas

B.

Calculate the percentage changes in its financial statement items over several consecutive accounting periods

C.

Determine both the direction and velocity of trends in its financial statements

D.

Display only percentage relationships in its financial statements

The Danner Bank loaned money to the CareWell Health Plan to fund an expansion of a healthcare facility. With respect to the type of financial information user Danner represents to CareWell, it is correct to say that Danner is an:

A.

Internal user with a direct financial interest

B.

Internal user with an indirect financial interest

C.

External user with a direct financial interest

D.

Case-mix adjustment

Juan Ramirez, a licensed social worker, and Dr. Laura Lui, a licensed psychiatrist, are under contract to the Peninsula Health Plan. Peninsula has contracted with CMS to provide services to Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries. Both Mr. Ramirez and Dr. Lui provide the same type of counseling services to Peninsula's enrollees. With respect to amendments made to the Balanced Budget Act (BBA) of 1997 that impact provider reimbursement, the amount by which Peninsula will reimburse Mr. Ramirez will be equal to:

A.

50% of Dr. Lui's reimbursement

B.

75% of Dr. Lui's reimbursement

C.

90% of Dr. Lui's reimbursement

D.

100% of Dr. Lui's reimbursement

The Northwest Company offers its employees the option of choosing to receive their healthcare benefits from an HMO or from a traditional indemnity plan. The premiums for the HMO are lower than for the traditional indemnity plan. In this situation, it is correct to assume that:

1. Individual low utilizers are more likely to enroll in the traditional indemnity plan

2. Individual high utilizers are more likely to enroll in the HMO

A.

Both 1 and 2

B.

1 only

C.

2 only

D.

Neither 1 nor 2

Assume that the Lambda, Mesa, and Novella health plans are equal in every way except that the health plans have obtained equal amounts of net cash inflows from different sources, as shown below:

HealthPlan Source

LambdaFinancing activities

Mesa Investing activities

NovellaOperating activities

From the following answer choices, select the response which indicates the health plan that would most likely be the most attractive to a potential plan sponsor, to a potential creditor, and to a potential investor.

A.

Potential Plan Sponsor = Lambda

Potential Creditor = Mesa

Potential Investor = Novella

B.

Potential Plan Sponsor = Lambda

Potential Creditor = Novella

Potential Investor = Mesa

C.

Potential Plan Sponsor = Novella

Potential Creditor = Lambda

Potential Investor = Mesa

D.

Potential Plan Sponsor = Novella

Potential Creditor = Novella

Potential Investor = Novella

In a fee-for-service (FFS) reimbursement method, providers are paid per treatment or per service that they provide. One typical benefit of FFS reimbursement is that it:

A.

Is highly effective in preventing excessive services that take the form of churning, unbundling, and upcoding

B.

Provides physicians who attempt to control costs with a higher rate of compensation than is provided to physicians who make the effort to control costs

C.

Is relatively easy to initiate, especially in markets where managed care penetration is low

D.

Guards against the practice of defensive medicine