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When assessing residual volume in tube feeding, the feeding should be delayed if the amount of gastric contents (residual) exceeds:

A.

20 mL

B.

25 mL

C.

30 mL

D.

50 mL

A client’s renal calculi are identified as consisting of calcium phosphate. Which of the following diets would be appropriate?

A.

High calcium, low phosphorus

B.

Low calcium, high phosphorus

C.

Two-gram sodium diet

D.

Low calcium and phosphorus, acid ash

A 23-year-old college student seeks medical attention at the college infirmary for complaints of severe fatigue. Her skin is pale, and she reports exertional dyspnea. She is admitted to the hospital with possible aplastic anemia. Laboratory values reflect anemia, and the client is prepared for a bone marrow biopsy. She refuses to sign the biopsy consent and states, “Can’t you just get the doctor to give me a transfusion and let me go. This weekend begins spring break, and I have plans to go to Florida.” At this time the nurse’s greatest concern is that:

A.

The client may contract an infection as a result of being exposed to large crowds at spring break

B.

The client does not grasp the full impact of her illness

C.

The client may require transfusion before leaving for spring break

D.

The causative agent be identified and treatment begun

A 28-year-old client performs a long, involved ritual in getting up and preparing for the day. He became unable to get to his job before noon. His family, in desperation, has admitted him to the hospital’s psychiatric unit. On the unit, he is always late for breakfast, which is served at 8 am. The nurse identifies that the best approach to this problem is to:

A.

Allow him to eat late

B.

Suggest that he do the rituals after breakfast

C.

Get him up early so that he can complete the ritual before breakfast

D.

Ask him to get all the other clients up so that he will forget about his ritual

The physician prescribes a medical regimen of isoniazid, rifampin, and vitamin B6 for a tuberculosis client. The nurse instructs the client that B6 is given because it:

A.

Increases activity of isoniazid

B.

Increases activity of rifampin

C.

Improves nutritional status

D.

Reduces peripheral neuropathy

In admitting a client to the psychiatric unit, the nurse must explain the rules and regulations of the unit. A client with antisocial personality disorder makes the following remark, “Forget all those rules. I always get along well with the nurses.” Which nursing response to him would be most effective?

A.

“OK, don’t listen to the rules. See where you end up.”

B.

“I’m pleased that you get along so well with the staff.You must still know and abide by the rules.”

C.

“It is irrelevant whether you get along with the nurses.”

D.

“I’m not the other nurses. You better read the rules yourself.”

A client has been admitted to the nursing unit with the diagnosis of severe anemia. She is slightly short of breath, has episodes of dizziness, and complains her heart sometimes feels like it will “beat out of her chest.” The physician has ordered her to receive 2 U of packed red blood cells. The most important nursing action to be taken is:

A.

Starting an 18-gauge IV infusion

B.

Having the consent form on the chart

C.

Administering the correct blood product to the correctclient

D.

Transfusing the blood in a 2-hour time frame

A common complication of cirrhosis of the liver is prolonged bleeding. The nurse should be prepared to administer?

A.

Vitamin C

B.

Vitamin K

C.

Vitamin E

D.

Vitamin A

A six-month-old infant has been admitted to the emergency room with febrile seizures. In the teaching of the parents, the nurse states that:

A.

Sustained temperature elevation over 103F is generally related to febrile seizures

B.

Febrile seizures do not usually recur

C.

There is little risk of neurological deficit and mental retardation as sequelae to febrile seizures

D.

Febrile seizures are associated with diseases of the central nervous system

To appropriately monitor therapy and client progress, the nurse should be aware that increased myocardial work and O2 demand will occur with which of the following?

A.

Positive inotropic therapy

B.

Negative chronotropic therapy

C.

Increase in balance of myocardial O2 supply and demand

D.

Afterload reduction therapy

An 8-year-old child comes to the physician’s office complaining of swelling and pain in the knees. His mother says, “The swelling occurred for no reason, and it keeps getting worse.” The initial diagnosis is Lyme disease. When talking to the mother and child, questions related to which of the following would be important to include in the initial history?

A.

A decreased urinary output and flank pain

B.

A fever of over 103F occurring over the last 2–3 weeks

C.

Rashes covering the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet

D.

Headaches, malaise, or sore throat

The most important reason to closely assess circumferential burns at least every hour is that they may result in:

A.

Hypovolemia

B.

Renal damage

C.

Ventricular arrhythmias

D.

Loss of peripheral pulses

The physician has ordered that a daily exercise program be instituted by a client with type I diabetes following his discharge from the hospital. Discharge instructions about exercise should include which of the following?

A.

Exercise should be performed 30 minutes before meals.

B.

A snack may be needed before and/or during exercise.

C.

Hyperglycemia may occur 2–4 hours after exercise.

D.

The blood glucose level should be 100 mg or below before exercise is begun.

Which of the following findings would be abnormal in a postpartal woman?

A.

Chills shortly after delivery

B.

Pulse rate of 60 bpm in morning on first postdelivery day

C.

Urinary output of 3000 mL on the second day after delivery

D.

An oral temperature of 101F (38.3C) on the third day after delivery

When assessing fetal heart rate status during labor, the monitor displays late decelerations with tachycardia and decreasing variability. What action should the nurse take?

A.

Continue monitoring because this is a normal occurrence.

B.

Turn client on right side.

C.

Decrease IV fluids.

D.

Report to physician or midwife.

Signs and symptoms of an allergy attack include which of the following?

A.

Wheezing on inspiration

B.

Increased respiratory rate

C.

Circumoral cyanosis

D.

Prolonged expiration

A laboratory technique specific for diagnosing Lyme disease is:

A.

Polymerase chain reaction

B.

Heterophil antibody test

C.

Decreased serum calcium level

D.

Increased serum potassium level

When administering phenytoin (Dilantin) to a child, the nurse should be aware that a toxic effect of phenytoin therapy is:

A.

Stephens-Johnson syndrome

B.

Folate deficiency

C.

Leukopenic aplastic anemia

D.

Granulocytosis and nephrosis

The physician orders fluoxetine (Prozac) for a depressed client. Which of the following should the nurse remember about fluoxetine?

A.

Because fluoxetine is a tricyclic antidepressant, it may precipitate a hypertensive crisis.

B.

The therapeutic effect of the drug occurs 2–4 weeks after treatment is begun.

C.

Foods such as aged cheese, yogurt, soy sauce, and bananas should not be eaten with this drug.

D.

Fluoxetine may be administered safely in combination with monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors.

A client with emphysema is placed on diuretics. In order to avoid potassium depletion as a side effect of the drug therapy, which of the following foods should be included in his diet?

A.

Celery

B.

Potatoes

C.

Tomatoes

D.

Liver