Free Practice Questions for Huawei H12-841_V1.5 Exam

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation (200–250 words):

In a VXLAN-based virtualized campus network, user terminals located in different access locations communicate with each other overVXLAN tunnelsestablished between VXLAN Tunnel Endpoints (VTEPs). These VXLAN tunnels form the overlay network, which abstracts the physical underlay and enables flexible Layer 2 and Layer 3 connectivity across the campus.

When communication is confined within the virtualized campus network, traffic remains inside the VXLAN overlay and is encapsulated and forwarded between VTEPs. However, when users or services inside the VXLAN network need to accessexternal networks, such as traditional IP networks, the Internet, or data centers that do not support VXLAN, traffic must exit the VXLAN overlay. This function is performed byborder nodes.

Border nodes act as the boundary between the VXLAN overlay and non-VXLAN networks. They are responsible for VXLAN encapsulation and decapsulation, routing between VXLAN segments and external networks, and enforcing security and policy controls at the network edge. According to HCIP Datacom Campus Network architecture principles, all traffic entering or leaving the VXLAN-based campus must pass through border nodes to ensure proper routing, policy enforcement, and service control.

Therefore, the statement is TRUE, and option A is correct.

Comprehensive and Detailed 200 to 250 words of Explanation From HCIP Datacom Campus Network documents knowledge without any URL or Links:

In a CloudCampus virtualized campus network,Virtual Networks (VNs)provide service isolation, whilesecurity groupsenable identity-based access control. Even when inter-VN routing is technically available, communication between users in different VNs isnot permitted by default. Access permissions are controlled bysecurity group–based policies.

To allowR&D personnel and sales personnelto communicate, the network administrator must explicitly define thesecurity policy relationshipbetween the two security groups. This is achieved by deploying apolicy control matrixon iMaster NCE-Campus. The policy control matrix specifies whether traffic between source and destination security groups is allowed or denied and enforces the policy on relevant network devices.

Deploying an external network is unnecessary because communication is required within the campus network. Configuring access management relates to authentication and authorization during network access, not inter-group communication control. Configuring inter-VN communication enables routing capability but does not definewhethercommunication is permitted at the security policy level.

According to HCIP Datacom Campus Network documentation,security group communication permissions are controlled through the policy control matrix, making optionAthe correct task to meet the requirement.

In campus network architecture, theegress zoneplays a critical role as the boundary between the internal campus network and external networks such as the Internet, WAN, or cloud services. According to HCIP Datacom Campus Network design principles, the egress zone must meet multiple functional and security requirements to ensure stable, secure, and flexible network operation.

First,network connectivityis a fundamental requirement. The egress zone must reliably connect the campus intranet to external networks, ensuring uninterrupted access to external resources and services. High availability and redundancy are often considered in this aspect to avoid single points of failure.

Second,network secure ensuranceis essential. As the main security boundary, the egress zone must protect the campus network from external threats. This typically involves deploying security mechanisms such as firewalls, intrusion prevention, traffic filtering, and attack defense to ensure data and service security.

Third, the egress zone must provide strongservice control capability. This includes traffic identification, policy-based forwarding, bandwidth management, and application control. These capabilities allow administrators to optimize service quality, prioritize critical applications, and manage user access to external services.

Finally,various and flexible access modesare required to support different external connection scenarios, such as Internet access, MPLS WAN access, VPN connections, and cloud interconnection. This flexibility enables the campus network to adapt to evolving business and service requirements.

Therefore, all listed options are essential requirements for proper egress zone design, makingA, B, C, and Dthe correct answers.

In campus network design, theegressis a critical point that connects the internal campus network to external networks such as the Internet or WAN. According to HCIP Datacom Campus Network architecture guidelines, ensuringhigh reliability at the egressis essential, even for small- and medium-sized campus networks, because external connectivity directly affects business continuity.

Deployingmulti-carrier linksat the egress is a recommended design practice to enhance reliability. Multi-carrier links refer to connecting the campus network todifferent service providersor independent external links. If one carrier experiences a failure, congestion, or maintenance issue, traffic can be switched to the backup carrier, ensuring uninterrupted external access. This approach significantly reduces the risk of service disruption caused by single-link or single-carrier failures.

For small- and medium-sized campuses, full redundancy with complex architectures may not be cost-effective. Multi-carrier backup links provide acost-efficient and practical solutionthat balances reliability and investment. Technologies such as static route backup, dynamic routing protocols, or policy-based routing can be used to implement automatic failover at the egress.

HCIP Datacom documentation emphasizes that egress reliability is not only a concern for large networks. Even smaller campuses require stable Internet and WAN access for cloud services, remote access, and centralized management platforms. Therefore, deploying multi-carrier links as backup at the egress is a valid and recommended design strategy.

Hence, the statement isTRUE.

Comprehensive and Detailed 200 to 250 words of Explanation From HCIP Datacom Campus Network documents knowledge without any URL or Links:

In a VXLAN-based virtualized campus network, theunderlay networkis responsible for providing basic IP connectivity between VXLAN Tunnel Endpoints (VTEPs). Statement D correctly describes this fundamental role of the underlay. Statement C is also correct, as VXLAN usesMAC-in-UDP encapsulationto overlay Layer 2 networks on top of a traditional IP infrastructure.

When iMaster NCE-Campus is used for automatic orchestration of the underlay routing domain,multiple routing protocols can be supported, depending on the solution version and design. Therefore, statementA is false, because OSPF is not the only supported routing protocol.

Statement B is correct in the context of standard automated deployment: iMaster NCE-Campus supportsOSPF single-area deploymentfor simplified orchestration and maintenance of the underlay network.

According to HCIP Datacom Campus Network architecture principles, the underlay must be stable, simple, and highly available, but it is not limited to a single routing protocol. Thus,option Ais the incorrect statement and the correct answer.

The delivered configuration clearly indicates that aVPN instancenamedMKThas been created and bound to a VXLAN identifier. In Huawei virtualized campus networks that useVXLAN + BGP EVPN, aVN (Virtual Network)configured on iMaster NCE-Campus is typically instantiated on devices as anip vpn-instance. This VPN instance represents the logical tenant or virtual routing domain used for service isolation.

Several key lines confirm this mapping. The commandip vpn-instance MKTis the core object created for a VN. Theroute-distinguisher (RD)is configured to ensure route uniqueness for that VPN instance. The presence ofvpn-target import/export extcommunityandvpn-target … evpnshows that routes are controlled and exchanged using BGP extended communities, including EVPN-related RTs for VXLAN EVPN route import/export. This is exactly what iMaster NCE-Campus generates when a VN is created and needs to participate in EVPN route distribution.

Finally, vxlan vni 6 binds the VPN instance to a VNI, which is how VXLAN identifies and separates virtualized networks. Creating a fabric or external network would not directly generate an ip vpn-instance with RD/RTs and a VNI binding. Therefore, the administrator operation was to create a VN named MKT.

In a centralized VXLAN gateway architecture, all inter-subnet traffic is forwarded to a centralized Layer 3 gateway, typically deployed on a core or aggregation device. This design simplifies network planning, gateway configuration, and policy enforcement because routing, security, and traffic control are all handled at a single centralized point. From an operational perspective, deployment and management are straightforward, which makes centralized gateways suitable for small- to medium-sized campus networks or environments with limited endpoints.

However, according to HCIP Datacom Campus Network documentation, this architecture introduces scalability limitations. Since the centralized gateway performs Layer 3 forwarding for all VXLAN segments, it must maintain ARP entries for every terminal in the network. As the number of endpoints increases, the ARP table on the Layer 3 gateway grows rapidly. Hardware resources such as memory and processing capacity limit the maximum number of ARP entries that can be supported.

In large-scale campus scenarios with a high density of terminals—such as universities, hospitals, or enterprise office campuses—this ARP scalability bottleneck can impact performance and stability. Excessive ARP entries may lead to increased CPU utilization, delayed ARP resolution, and reduced forwarding efficiency. For such environments, HCIP Datacom recommends distributed VXLAN gateways, which distribute ARP and routing responsibilities across multiple devices. Therefore, the statement is correct, and the centralized VXLAN gateway is not suitable for scenarios with a large number of terminals.

Comprehensive and Detailed 200 to 250 words of Explanation From HCIP Datacom Campus Network documents knowledge without any URL or Links:

Huawei iMaster NCE-Campus supports advanced networking solutions tailored for industry-specific scenarios, including thefinancial SD-WAN SRv6 solution. This solution leverages Segment Routing over IPv6 (SRv6) to enable precise traffic steering, deterministic forwarding, and end-to-end service scheduling across the network.

Because SRv6 introduces enhanced forwarding capabilities and control-plane features beyond standard campus networking functions, Huawei licenses these capabilities separately. To activate SRv6-based financial SD-WAN features on iMaster NCE-Campus, customers must obtain theSRv6 function package license. Without this license, SRv6-specific orchestration, scheduling, and optimization functions cannot be enabled.

According to HCIP Datacom Campus Network documentation, licensing ensures controlled feature activation and aligns with Huawei’s modular service enablement strategy. Therefore, the statement is TRUE, and option A is correct.

In a VXLAN BGP EVPN network, different EVPN route types are used to advertise specific kinds of control-plane information.BGP EVPN Type 2 routes, also known asMAC/IP Advertisement routes, are primarily used to advertise Layer 2 and host-level Layer 3 reachability information between VTEPs.

According to HCIP Datacom Campus Network documentation, a Type 2 route carriesMAC address information, and it can optionally carry ahost IP addressassociated with that MAC. This enables efficient MAC learning and ARP suppression within the VXLAN fabric. TheL2VNIis also included in Type 2 routes, as it identifies the Layer 2 broadcast domain to which the MAC and IP information belongs.

TheL3VNIis not used to identify a Layer 2 broadcast domain but is associated with Layer 3 VPN forwarding and inter-VNI routing. While L3VNI information is relevant in EVPN-based Layer 3 services, it is not the primary identifier in a Type 2 route. However, the key distinction in this question lies in the difference between host routes and prefix routes.

AnIP prefixrepresents a network segment rather than a single host and is advertised usingEVPN Type 5 (IP Prefix) routes, not Type 2 routes. Type 2 routes only carry host IP addresses, not IP prefixes. Therefore,IP Prefixis not carried in a BGP EVPN Type 2 route, making optionCthe correct answer.

Comprehensive and Detailed 200 to 250 words of Explanation From HCIP Datacom Campus Network documents knowledge without any URL or Links:

In campus networks, devices such as servers, print servers, and video surveillance systems requirestable and predictable IP addressesto ensure reliable access, simplified maintenance, and consistent policy enforcement. While fully dynamic DHCP allocation is easy to deploy, it does not guarantee IP address consistency, which complicates device management, monitoring, and troubleshooting.

Huawei campus network design best practices recommendstatic address allocation through DHCP based on MAC addresses, also known as DHCP reservation or static binding. With this approach, the DHCP server assigns a fixed IP address to a device according to its MAC address. This method combines the advantages of centralized DHCP management with the stability of static IP addresses.

PPPoE address binding is typically used in broadband access scenarios and is unsuitable for enterprise campus devices. The BOOT protocol is obsolete and not used in modern campus networks. Pure dynamic DHCP allocation does not meet the stability requirements of infrastructure and service devices.

According to HCIP Datacom Campus Network documentation, MAC-based DHCP static allocation is the recommended solution for managing critical campus devices, making option D correct.