Free Practice Questions for ECCouncil 712-50 Exam

Extracting information from affected systems without altering original data occurs during the investigation phase, which focuses on evidence collection and analysis.

Purpose of Investigation Phase:

Collect forensic data from affected systems.

Ensure data integrity by using tools and processes that prevent changes to the original state.

Key Activities:

Create forensic images of systems and devices.

Use write-protected tools to analyze data.

Other Phases:

Response: Focuses on containment.

Recovery: Restores normal operations.

Follow-up: Implements lessons learned.

Forensic Investigation Guidelines: Highlights methods to extract and analyze data without altering the original.

Incident Response Best Practices: Emphasizes thorough investigation for actionable insights.

EC-Council CISO References:

Scenario4

Scope creep occurs when the scope of a project expands uncontrollably due to changing customer or user requirements without corresponding adjustments to time, resources, and budget. This phenomenon leads to escalating costs and delays, as new requirements often require additional resources or changes to existing plans. It is distinct from cost-benefit adjustments or prototype issues, which are planned adjustments, and expectations management, which deals with aligning stakeholder expectations.

 Understanding NPV

Net Present Value (NPV) is the difference between the present value of cash inflows and the present value of cash outflows over a period. It is used to determine the profitability of an investment or project.

The formula involves annual profit and annual investment and indicates whether the project is financially viable.

 Why Not Other Options?

A. Net profit – per capita income: Not related to NPV calculations.

B. Total investment – Discounted cash: Misleading and not reflective of NPV.

D. Initial investment – Future value: Incorrect; future value is not part of NPV.

 EC-Council References

NPV is a key metric in project selection processes and is highlighted in financial decision-making frameworks for CISOs.

 First Action After Receiving an Audit Report

The CISO must first validate the findings to ensure the accuracy of identified gaps. This includes confirming the audit results and deciding whether to accept or dispute the findings based on evidence.

This step ensures that the organization focuses on addressing genuine issues and avoids unnecessary remediation efforts.

 Why Not Other Options?

A. Inform peer executives: Premature without validating the accuracy of the findings.

C. Create remediation plans: Cannot proceed without validating the gaps.

D. Determine adequacy of policies: A broader task that comes after validating specific findings.

 EC-Council References

Emphasizes the importance of validating audit findings before proceeding with remediation or executive reporting.

Governance Levels:

Individual projects are grouped under programs, which are monitored and managed collectively to achieve specific outcomes or benefits.

Program vs. Portfolio:

Programs consist of interrelated projects.

Portfolios include multiple programs and standalone projects aligned with strategic objectives.

Why Program Level:

Projects are tracked at the program level to ensure alignment with overarching goals and efficient resource allocation.

References:

EC-Council CISO Module: Governance Structures and Monitoring Practices.

Intrusion Prevention System (IPS):

An IPS is a network security technology that examines traffic flows for suspicious activities and proactively blocks potential threats.

Operates inline with network traffic, ensuring real-time protection against exploits.

Key Features of IPS:

Detects and blocks vulnerability exploits, DoS attacks, and malicious payloads.

Provides logs and alerts for security incidents.

Why Not Other Options:

Gigamon: Focuses on network visibility and traffic monitoring, not active threat prevention.

Port Security: Restricts device connections to specific ports but doesn’t inspect traffic.

Anti-virus: Protects against malware at the host level, not network-based exploits.

Password Aging Concept:

Password aging involves setting a maximum duration a password remains valid, after which the user must change it.

This approach helps mitigate risks of compromised passwords being exploited indefinitely.

Implementation Details:

Policies typically enforce expiration periods (e.g., 30, 60, or 90 days).

Notifications are sent to users prior to expiration to ensure timely updates.

Benefits:

Enhances security by limiting exposure to compromised credentials.

Aligns with compliance requirements (e.g., PCI DSS, ISO 27001).

 First Steps in Formalizing Security

Defining roles and responsibilities ensures accountability and clarity for security tasks. It establishes a foundation for building a structured security program.

Key roles, such as the CISO and IT security team, are pivotal for aligning security strategies with organizational goals.

 Why Not Other Options?

A. Security risk assessment: Important but follows the establishment of roles and responsibilities.

B. Internal audit functions: Pertains to compliance and governance, not the first foundational step.

D. Executive security steering committee: Helps with strategic alignment but is secondary to defining roles.

 EC-Council References

EC-Council underscores the need for clearly defined security roles as a critical step in program development.

Corporate governance establishes a framework of rules and practices to ensure accountability, fairness, and transparency in an organization's dealings with shareholders and other stakeholders. This includes oversight of the organization’s strategic direction, risk management, and performance. Internal audit (A) and risk oversight (C) are components of governance, while key performance indicators (D) are metrics used for tracking objectives.